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- Vrsta/tip rada: Originalni naučni rad
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Abstract
Introduction. Popliteal artery aneurysm may present with acute thrombosis, a complication associated with limb-threatening ischaemia. This study aimed to identify clinical, radiological, and laboratory features associated with acute popliteal artery aneurysm thrombosis at presentation, rather than to establish causal risk factors for future thrombosis.
Material and Methods. A case-control study included 142 patients with popliteal artery aneurysm treated at a tertiary vascular surgery centre between January 2017 and December 2024. Cases (n=71) presented with acute thrombosis (Rutherford categories I through IIb); controls (n=71) had asymptomatic popliteal artery aneurysm without thrombosis confirmed by imaging. Demographic, clinical, radiological and laboratory parameters were compared. Multi variable logistic regression identified features independently associated with thrombosis at presentation.
Results. Patients with thrombosis were older (67.4 versus 61.2 years; p=0.002), more often smokers (73.2% versus 47.9%; p<0.001), and diabetic (43.7% versus 25.4%; p=0.009). Aneurysm diameter was larger ((29.3 versus 23.7 millimetres; p<0.001), mural thrombus was more frequent (67.6% versus 29.6%; p<0.001), and D-dimer was higher (1,842 versus 724 nanograms per millilitre; p><0.001). The strongest independent associations were observed for mural thrombus (odds ratio 3.82), aneurysm diameter above 25 millimetres (odds ratio 3.21) and D-dimer above 1,000 nanograms per millilitre (odds ratio 3.14).
Conclusion. In this single-centre case-control sample, acute popliteal artery aneurysm thrombosis was associated with larger aneurysm diameter, mural thrombus, and elevated D-dimer levels, alongside older age, smoking, and diabetes. Laboratory biomarkers should be interpreted as contemporaneous markers of the acute thrombotic state rather than antecedent predictors. Prospective validation is needed before diagnostic application.